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PPE focuses on various or all things that have an influence on other aspects. Starting from a condition of safety, security and health for each worker. Even the work environment also greatly influences the project implementation process.
The main benefit of Construction PPE is to prevent, reduce and extinguish various risks of accidents, fires and even explosions. Construction PPE will also provide instructions or opportunities to escape when an emergency occurs. That way, with its application it is able to provide assistance and function as a means of protection when an accident or other emergency occurs.
In its activities with construction projects, Construction PPE controls the distribution of temperature, dust, dirt, wind, sound, vibration, and many other factors or objects so that risks such as the emergence of occupational diseases, whether physical or psychological, can be controlled. Of course, Construction PPE is very useful in various emergency situations. Its application is useful for securing and providing a smooth emergency evacuation process, and can even be used to maintain buildings.
Regulations Regarding PPE
PPE must comply with Indonesian National Standards (SNI) or applicable standards and must be worn by workers on all jobs according to the type of work. The legal basis governing the use of PPE in general is included in the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia Number Per.08/MEN/VII/2010 concerning Personal Protective Equipment. Specific PPE regulations in the construction sector are included in the Minister of Public Works Regulation Number 05/PRT/M/2014 concerning Guidelines for Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (SMK3) for Construction in the Public Works Sector.
Components of Personal Protective Equipment in the Construction Workplace
PPE consists of various components to protect different parts of the body, such as Head Protective Equipment, Eye Protective Equipment, Ear Protective Equipment, Respiratory Protective Equipment, Hand Protective Equipment, Protective Clothing, and Foot Protective Equipment.
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Head protective equipment is the most important component that must be used by everyone on a construction project site. Head protective equipment is used to protect the head from impacts from falling objects, hot or cold steam, and potential fires and corrosives. Head protective equipment consists of several categories which are divided based on the employee's identity function.
Eye and Face Protection Equipment
Eye and face protection is required by everyone on a construction project to protect against thrown small objects, the influence of light, the influence of certain radiation and splashes of liquids. Examples of eye protection equipment are goggles and glasses. Meanwhile, examples of facial protective equipment are visors, full face masks, welding masks.
Ear Protection Equipment
Ear protection is sometimes needed at construction project sites when there is loud noise that can harm ear health. Ear plugs or ear plugs can reduce sound intensity by 10 to 15 dB and ear muffs can reduce sound intensity by 20 to 30 dB. A good ear plug only blocks certain frequencies, while the frequency for talking (communication) is usually not disturbed.
Respiratory Protective Equipment
Respiration is one of the organ systems of construction project workers which must also be protected by preventing potential damage to the respiratory organs. Sources of danger such as air pollution caused by viruses, bacteria, dust particles, fog, smoke or metal vapors sometimes exist at construction project sites. Determining the need for respiratory protection depends on the type of respiratory disorder. For example, respiratory protective equipment is a mask.
Hand Protective Equipment
Gloves are a protective tool for hands on construction projects. Gloves protect hands from the dangers of exposure to body fluids, avoid abrasions, cuts, wounds exposed to chemicals and extreme temperatures.
Foot Protective Equipment
Work safety shoes are foot protective equipment that protects the feet from the danger of falling heavy objects, splashing liquids, being punctured by sharp objects or the risk of slipping. Examples of foot protective equipment include boots, anti-electric shoes, anti-slip shoes, and Steel Toe Boots (special shoes with iron plates to protect the toes from falls and impacts from building materials).
Protective clothes
Protective clothing is also used to protect all or part of the body from splashes of body fluids and hot or cold temperatures. Examples of protective clothing are shirts, vests and aprons which are usually made from materials that are impermeable to liquids and chemicals, such as plastic or rubber. The classification of protective clothing can be seen from the color of the protective clothing. Protective clothing is differentiated by many categories, such as project type, employee identity type, and more. Most importantly, protective clothing must have high visibility so that workers wearing it are easily seen and recognized.
Individual Fall Protection Equipment
Safety belts are personal fall protection devices used on construction project sites. Safety belts function to protect the body from possible falls. Safety belts are usually used in construction work at heights and climbing work. There are several types of safety harnesses or seat belts, namely chest support (chest harness), chest and back support (chest waist harness) and full body support (full body harness). The harness used on the body will be connected to a safety rope that is attached to a load-bearing iron.
References:
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 10 Tahun 2021 Tentang Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Konstruksi (SMKK)
Tarwaka. (2008). Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Manajemen dan Implementasi Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja di Tempat Kerja.
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