AN
ANALYSIS THE PHENOMENON OF CODE SWITCHING AND CODE MIXING IN
FACEBOOK GROUP OF ENGLISH YOUTH COMMUNITY
Juvrianto
CJ
Universitas
Negeri makassar
Abstract
The
phenomenon of code switching and code mixing has appeared in our daily life as
an event or a trend around us. Facebook as a social media has become of code
switching and code mixing phenomenon. This study aimed to analyze and to
compare the kind of code switching and code mixing in Facebook group of English
Youth Community. The analyzing process of code switching and code mixing in
English Youth Community was taken from some comments of the members in English
Youth Community where the researcher took screenshot of the members’ comments
on Facebook group then analyzed the code switching and code mixing phenomenon
in the comments of the members. The resarch
subjects of this study are the members of English Youth Community on Facebook
group. The method of this study was descriptive qualitative
since the researcher intended to obtain the conversations among the members of
English Youth Community on Facebook.
The result of this study showed that intra essential
code switching is the most widely used in some comments in English Youth
Community than intra essential code switching and extra essential code
switching. Code switching and code mixing phenomenon are done consciously by
the members because of the change situation or the change of the topic in the
English Youth Community group.
Keywords:
Code switching, code mixing, Facebook,
English Youth Community.
INTRODUCTION
Social media has become a life style for some
people today. It can be denied if smart phone which provides many application
especially social media takes an important role in this modern world. One of
the social media which has given contribution in learning and teaching process
especially in teaching the second language is Facebook. “Facebook is used as a medium for discussions about
English grammar and writing difficulties that the low-intermediate EFL students
have” (Suthiwartnarueput & Wasanasomsithi, 2012, p. 195). One thing to consider in EFL teaching is the use of technology, in this
era of information and globalization where the internet is a common medium for
people to communicate with each other’s,
social networking
websites have been praised to have the potentials in language learning. One of
those websites is Facebook.
Noyes in Rodliyah
stated that “Facebook, as the most widely used social media due to its
continually increasing active members, can be a promising educational tool to
be used in today’s information era” (Rodliyah, 2016, p. 82). Facebook was
created in 2014 by Mark Zuckerberg started from US then it continues to the
over the world including Indonesia. Indonesia itself is one of the countries in
the world which has the largest group of users of Facebook. This phenomenon is
a fact if society has an interest to be linked with other people by signing in
Facebook.
Because of this trend, many EFL teachers
in the world use Facebook as their media to be integrated with the material in
the class. Now days there are many English groups or English fan pages in
Facebook. Facebook creates an easy way to communicate, to share or to discuss
between the teachers and the students. Another advantage of using Facebook in
our teaching media is to facilitate the students or the teachers in arrange
their schedule to conduct a meeting. For instance, if the teachers cannot
attend the class, she or he can conduct a virtual class by using Facebook. On the contrary, if the students have a
question about their assignment they can contact their teachers directly by
using Facebook without waiting their next meeting in the class.
According
to Das and Gamback, the evolution of social media texts, such as Twitter and
Facebook messages, has created many new opportunities for information access
and language technology, but also many new challenges, in particular since this
type of text is characterized by having high percentage of spelling errors and
containing creative spellings and so on (Das and Gamback, 2013). One more phenomenon that always appears in
the use of Facebook is code switching and code mixing among the users. They use
code switching and code mixing in their conversation consciously. Some of the
accounts did code switching and code mixing because of some purposes. It can
refer to change of the topic, adapt with the speakers, or because of the
situation.
There are many scholars who have conducted research
about code mixing and code switching in social media.
The previous researchers, Das and Gamback had researched the code mixing and
code switching between English and Bengali in Eastern India and Bangladesh (Das
and Gamback, 2013). Voss, Tratz,
Laoudi, & Briesch analyzed the distribution of Code-Mixing: Darija, French, English
in Tweets (Voss, Tratz, Laoudi, & Briesch, 2013). Soon, Mahizhnan, Juhari, Das, Liang, &
Amalina also observed a predominance of code-switching
specifically between the use of the Malay and English languages for different
blog entries, one such blog was “A Journey of a Lifetime”
(http://juzustwo.wordpress.com/) (Soon,
Mahizhnan, Juhari, Das, Liang, & Amalina, 2014). Another research is a
research about POS tagging of English-Hindi code mixed in social media content
(Vyas, Gella, Sharma, Bali, & Choudhury, 2014).
Some
previous researches above show to us that code mixing and code switching also exist
in the social media. Different with some researches before, in this case I will
look for the phenomenon of code switching and code mixing in Facebook
especially in English Youth Community group which focuses on inter-essential
code switching, intra-essential code switching and extra-essential code
switching. In this study, I will conduct a research under the title an analysis the phenomenon of code switching
and code mixing in Facebook group of English Youth Community.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. Code switching
There
some definition of code switching from some experts and researchers. Bokamba stated in Ayeomoni’s article that:
“Code-switching is the mixing of
words, phrases and sentences from two distinct grammatical (sub) systems across
sentence boundaries within the same speech event… code-mixing is the embedding
of various linguistic units such as affixes (bound morphemes), words (unbound
morphemes), phrases and clauses from a co-operative activity where the
participants, in order to infer what is intended, must reconcile what they hear
with what they understand” (Ayeomoni, 2006,
p. 91).
Another expert, Appel, who reported in
Sosiolinguistik said that code switching is symptom change of the language use because
of the change of the situation (Chaer & Agustina, 2010). Different with
Appel who stated that code switching can be happened in inter language, then
Hymes cited in Chaer and Agustina said that ...............................................................................................
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